NOTES ON METHODOLOGY 2021
Subsequent detailed analysis and checks showed that, during 2021, certain
reporting units submitted incorrect values of realised export and import.
Therefore, the final data for 2021, published in the First Release VT-2022-1-2 of
27 May 2022 have been revised.
Source
and methods of data collection
The data source for the statistics on the trading in goods with EU Member States
is the Intrastat form used by the reporting units to report on arrivals and/or
dispatches on the monthly basis, that is, for each month in which goods
physically enter or leave the territory of the Republic of Croatia. The
reporting units are all business entities, value added tax payers, whose value
of trading in goods with EU Member States exceeds the exemption threshold
determined for the reference year. For 2021, an exemption threshold of 2.5
million kuna for arrivals and of 1.3 million kuna for dispatches has been
determined. In order to achieve the complete harmonisation with the EU
methodology and legislation, data on foreign trade in goods have been
supplemented with trade value below the exemption threshold, after being
estimated on the basis of data on supplies and acquisitions of goods in/from EU
Member States provided by the Tax Administration Office of the Republic of
Croatia.
The data source for the statistics on the trading in goods with third countries,
that is, non-EU countries, are Single Administrative Documents on export and
import of goods. The Croatian Bureau of Statistics receives the reviewed Single
Administrative Documents from the Customs Administration of the Republic of
Croatia in the form of data records.
Following basic methodological recommendations of the UN Statistical Office and
Eurostat, the Croatian Bureau of Statistics statistically processes and
disseminates the collected Intrastat and Extrastat data as unique information on
the foreign trade in goods of the Republic of Croatia.
Legal
basis
The legal basis for the
conduct of the Intrastat survey is the European legislation related to
statistics on trading in goods between EU Member States, the Regulation (EU) No.
2019/2152 as well as the Commission Implementing Regulation No. 2020/1197, the
Official Statistics Act (NN, No. 25/20), the Annual Implementation Plan of
Statistical Activities of the Republic of Croatia 2021 (NN, No. 42/22) and the
Customs Administration Act (NN, Nos 68/13, 30/14, 115/16, 39/19 and 98/19). More
detailed notes on methodology for this survey are published on the website of
the Croatian Bureau of Statistics
Državni zavod za statistiku - Intrastat
(gov.hr).
The legal basis for Extrastat
is the European legislation related to statistics on trading in goods with third
countries, the Regulation (EU) No. 2019/2152 as well as the Commission
Implementing Regulation No. 2020/1197 and No. 2021/1225 and the Delegated
Regulation (EU) 2021/1704, the EU Customs Legislations Implementation Act (NN,
No. 40/16), the Official Statistics Act (NN, No. 25/20), the Annual
Implementation Plan of Statistical Activities of the Republic of Croatia 2021
(NN, No. 42/22), the Customs Administration Act (NN, Nos 68/13, 30/14, 115/16,
39/19 and 98/19) and the Ordinance on Filling in the Single Administrative
Document (NN, Nos 65/19 and 136/20).
Coverage
and comparability
Statistics on foreign trade in goods include all goods exported from or imported
into the country. Data on foreign trade in goods include both export and import
based on gross inward and outward processing.
In inward and outward processing, the total value of goods is monitored. Thus,
in the case of an active transfer, the value of goods imported for inward
processing, that is, the full value of goods exported after inward processing
(including the value of imported goods, the value of domestic material and the
value of domestic services).
Besides commercial transactions (which includes charges), the statistics also
comprises goods for which the trade, that is, export and import, is performed
without the payment of the counter value.
This statistics does not include temporary export and
import (less than two years) of goods that are returned to the owner in an
unaltered state, services, monetary gold, goods used as carriers of customized
information including software and software downloaded from the Internet, means
of payment which are legal tender and securities, goods supplied free of charge
which are not the subject of commercial transactions (advertising material and
commercial samples), supplying of Croatian diplomatic missions abroad and
foreign diplomatic missions in the Republic of Croatia, and temporary exports
and imports for repair.
All the data on export and import are expressed in values and quantities. Value
of goods is determined on the basis of original documents of business entities
(contracts, invoices).
The values expressed are real values achieved at the time deals were contracted
(invoice values), which are then further recalculated according to deliveries at
the Croatian border. Export values are calculated on the basis of the FOB
parity. It means that the invoice value is reduced for transportation and other
costs incurred from the Croatian border to the place of delivery abroad, if it
is agreed that goods are delivered abroad. If it is agreed for delivery to take
place in the country (Republic of Croatia), the invoice value is increased by
the costs incurred from the place of delivery in Croatia to the Croatian border.
Import values are calculated on the basis of the CIF parity. It means that the
invoice value is increased by transportation and other costs incurred from the
place of delivery abroad to the Croatian border, if it is agreed that goods are
delivered abroad. If it is agreed for delivery to take place in the country
(Republic of Croatia), the invoice value is reduced for the costs incurred from
the Croatian border to the place of delivery in Croatia.
The amounts expressed in foreign currencies are converted into kuna, euros and
American dollars according to the monthly exchange rate lists determined for the
reporting month. The mean exchange rate of the Croatian National Bank is used.
Since 1 January 2002, the 8-digit code of the Combined Nomenclature (the EU
customs and statistical classification of products) has been used in data
collection and it is harmonised up to the 6-digit code level with the Harmonised
system.
Data on export are shown by countries of destination. In Extrastat, data on
import are shown by countries of the origin of goods, while in Intrastat data on
the arrivals of goods are presented by countries of dispatch.
As of 1 January 2021, Intrastat reporting has been changed. The Protocol on
Ireland and Northern Ireland, which entered into force on 1 January 2021,
allowed Northern Ireland to remain an integral part of the customs territory of
the United Kingdom, but at the same time to have certain benefits from the
single market of the European Union.
The Protocol on Ireland and Northern Ireland for PSIs in the Republic of Croatia
(for the reporting period from January 2021 onwards) means that the dispatch and
arrival of goods to and from Northern Ireland must still be reported in
Intrastat forms, and data are included in data on trade in goods with EU Member
States. As of 1 January 2021, trade in goods with the United Kingdom is included
under Other countries in Europe, and exclude the data for Northern Ireland.
The economic classification of countries refers to:
-
European Union1)
– EU (Austria, Belgium, Bulgaria, Croatia, Cyprus, the Czech Republic, Denmark,
Estonia, Finland, France, Greece, Ireland, Italy, Latvia, Lithuania, Luxembourg,
Hungary, Malta, the Netherlands, Germany, Poland, Portugal, Romania, Northern
Ireland, Slovakia, Slovenia, Spain and Sweden)
-
European Free Trade Association
– EFTA (Iceland, Liechtenstein, Norway, Switzerland)
-
Central European Free Trade
Agreement – CEFTA (Albania, Bosnia and Herzegovina, Montenegro, Kosovo, Moldova,
North Macedonia and Serbia)
-
Organization of Petroleum
Exporting Countries – OPEC (Algeria, Angola, Equatorial Guinea, Gabon, Iraq, the
Islamic Republic of Iran, Congo, Kuwait, Libya, Nigeria, Saudi Arabia, the
United Arab Emirates and the Bolivarian Republic of Venezuela).
1) Since 1 January 2021, the United Kingdom has withdrawn
from the European Union. The Protocol on Ireland and Northern Ireland ensures
that Northern Ireland remains the constitutional part of the customs territory
of the United Kingdom. Therefore, the data for Northern Ireland are included in
the data on trade in goods with EU Member States.
Abbreviations
CIF
cost, insurance and freight
Eurostat
Statistical Office of the European Communities
FOB
free on board
NN
Narodne novine, official gazette of
the Republic of Croatia
UN
United Nations
Prepared
by:
Dubravka Drempetić
Zrinka Lokas
Tamara Dodig Marić