12. TOTAL POPULATION, BY SCHOOL COMPLETED, SEX AND AGE, CENSUS 2001

  Sex Total Age
0-4 5-9 10-14 15-19 20-24 25-29 30-34 35-39 40-44 45-49 50-54 55-59 60-64 65-69 70-74 75-79 80-84 85 and over Unknown
NON-UNIVERSITY EDUCATION (ISCED 97 level 5.B.) all 150.167 - - - 113 5.737 12.578 12.762 15.608 17.951 18.707 19.350 13.622 11.814 9.892 6.439 3.514 1.080 659 341
  m 76.650 - - - 71 2.241 5.794 5.671 7.235 9.177 9.787 9.779 7.098 6.485 5.764 4.032 2.319 749 302 146
  f 73.517 - - - 42 3.496 6.784 7.091 8.373 8.774 8.920 9.571 6.524 5.329 4.128 2.407 1.195 331 357 195
Non-university colleges, polytechnics and schools of higher learning all 108.214 - - - 101 3.438 6.711 7.341 10.043 12.696 14.085 15.362 10.846 9.473 8.122 5.382 2.930 892 538 254
  m 53.968 - - - 66 1.433 3.049 3.154 4.512 6.258 7.081 7.451 5.439 4.930 4.489 3.276 1.898 601 222 109
  f 54.246 - - - 35 2.005 3.662 4.187 5.531 6.438 7.004 7.911 5.407 4.543 3.633 2.106 1.032 291 316 145
Mining and geotechnics all 343 - - - - 3 18 18 82 75 58 38 9 14 15 9 3 1 - -
  m 306 - - - - 1 16 16 65 69 53 36 8 14 15 9 3 1 - -
  f 37 - - - - 2 2 2 17 6 5 2 1 - - - - - - -
Metallurgy all 63 - - - - 1 - 3 5 7 5 8 6 14 7 5 2 - - -
  m 58 - - - - - - 2 5 7 5 7 6 13 7 5 1 - - -
  f 5 - - - - 1 - 1 - - - 1 - 1 - - 1 - - -
Wood-processing all 163 - - - - - 4 12 25 22 22 17 9 18 21 9 4 - - -
  m 141 - - - - - 2 4 18 21 18 17 9 18 21 9 4 - - -
  f 22 - - - - - 2 8 7 1 4 - - - - - - - - -
Mechanical and metal all 3.718 - - - - 26 162 252 354 472 628 607 368 361 299 130 35 10 10 4
  m 3.574 - - - - 25 148 217 328 453 610 592 364 356 294 130 34 10 10 3
  f 144 - - - - 1 14 35 26 19 18 15 4 5 5 - 1 - - 1
Shipbuilding all 1.272 - - - - 27 84 85 106 160 234 246 109 75 69 46 17 6 5 3
  m 1.176 - - - - 27 84 83 102 156 201 212 102 69 65 46 16 5 5 3
  f 96 - - - - - - 2 4 4 33 34 7 6 4 - 1 1 - -
Electrotechnics all 4.042 - - - 1 137 465 466 484 581 599 534 285 203 151 82 31 8 5 10
  m 3.869 - - - 1 132 447 429 459 558 566 516 279 201 147 82 30 8 5 9
  f 173 - - - - 5 18 37 25 23 33 18 6 2 4 - 1 - - 1
Textile all 2.332 - - - - 60 141 182 285 347 408 327 217 170 107 56 17 8 2 5
  m 841 - - - - 4 16 25 59 58 121 143 133 119 87 52 14 7 1 2
  f 1.491 - - - - 56 125 157 226 289 287 184 84 51 20 4 3 1 1 3
Leather processing and shoe-making all 431 - - - - 1 4 23 60 40 73 42 42 62 46 23 9 4 2 -
  m 270 - - - - 1 1 7 21 18 38 29 31 50 39 21 9 3 2 -
  f 161 - - - - - 3 16 39 22 35 13 11 12 7 2 - 1 - -
Chemistry, technology and food processing all 739 - - - - 8 35 62 80 68 124 145 93 48 41 23 8 2 - 2
  m 405 - - - - 1 9 22 35 37 69 91 55 31 29 17 7 - - 2
  f 334 - - - - 7 26 40 45 31 55 54 38 17 12 6 1 2 - -
Graphics all 944 - - - - 20 60 105 127 135 126 111 116 68 37 28 9 2 - -
  m 705 - - - - 13 34 52 69 91 106 95 108 66 36 25 9 1 - -
  f 239 - - - - 7 26 53 58 44 20 16 8 2 1 3 - 1 - -
Construction all 3.752 - - - 2 44 235 285 603 619 567 479 296 230 228 106 27 18 7 6
  m 2.953 - - - 1 32 168 191 418 482 446 375 251 214 219 103 26 17 7 3
  f 799 - - - 1 12 67 94 185 137 121 104 45 16 9 3 1 1 - 3
Geodesy all 269 - - - - 1 24 31 40 39 15 12 24 23 28 14 12 4 2 -
  m 221 - - - - 1 18 19 28 33 13 11 22 19 27 14 10 4 2 -
  f 48 - - - - - 6 12 12 6 2 1 2 4 1 - 2 - - -
Railway transport all 291 - - - - 1 24 11 29 29 23 34 35 24 30 33 11 4 3 -
  m 277 - - - - 1 19 9 28 27 21 33 35 24 30 33 10 4 3 -
  f 14 - - - - - 5 2 1 2 2 1 - - - - 1 - - -
Maritime and river transport and transport in ports all 5.049 - - - - 244 491 398 517 711 746 758 355 234 245 186 101 33 13 17
  m 4.850 - - - - 234 470 362 483 687 711 730 352 230 242 185 101 33 13 17
  f 199 - - - - 10 21 36 34 24 35 28 3 4 3 1 - - - -
Road transport all 1.245 - - - 1 27 81 93 117 206 301 190 90 84 35 13 5 - - 2
  m 1.170 - - - 1 24 67 83 102 198 288 186 87 80 35 13 4 - - 2
  f 75 - - - - 3 14 10 15 8 13 4 3 4 - - 1 - - -
Post and telecommunications all 747 - - - - 11 57 60 68 90 114 72 65 77 78 27 15 8 3 2
  m 497 - - - - 8 36 41 38 72 86 48 44 39 51 17 8 5 3 1
  f 250 - - - - 3 21 19 30 18 28 24 21 38 27 10 7 3 - 1
Other transport schools all 986 - - - - 32 99 92 121 153 163 124 65 57 32 30 15 2 - 1
  m 888 - - - - 27 83 72 105 143 149 120 62 52 29 29 14 2 - 1
  f 98 - - - - 5 16 20 16 10 14 4 3 5 3 1 1 - - -
Air transport all 791 - - - - 13 31 41 80 183 204 69 45 34 36 28 19 5 3 -
  m 673 - - - - 7 26 34 68 136 171 65 42 33 36 28 19 5 3 -
  f 118 - - - - 6 5 7 12 47 33 4 3 1 - - - - - -
Other technical schools all 829 - - - - 24 65 72 62 96 99 124 77 81 60 35 15 8 3 8
  m 679 - - - - 13 46 49 41 75 89 98 72 74 58 35 14 8 3 4
  f 150 - - - - 11 19 23 21 21 10 26 5 7 2 - 1 - - 4
Agriculture all 1.909 - - - - 49 158 205 317 212 171 316 231 90 61 59 25 6 5 4
  m 1.295 - - - - 31 80 109 178 145 118 223 200 76 49 54 20 5 5 2
  f 614 - - - - 18 78 96 139 67 53 93 31 14 12 5 5 1 - 2
Forestry all 120 - - - - 1 3 13 29 24 8 15 9 6 6 - 3 - 1 2
  m 110 - - - - 1 2 12 24 22 8 15 9 6 6 - 3 - 1 1
  f 10 - - - - - 1 1 5 2 - - - - - - - - - 1
Veterinary all 27 - - - - 3 3 4 2 - - - - 1 7 2 4 - - 1
  m 19 - - - - 1 - 3 1 - - - - 1 6 2 4 - - 1
  f 8 - - - - 2 3 1 1 - - - - - 1 - - - - -
Economics all 18.744 - - - 9 718 1.026 952 1.482 2.506 2.985 2.802 1.922 1.640 1.178 822 460 155 48 39
  m 8.026 - - - - 206 284 256 513 955 1.114 1.209 899 882 713 542 294 117 29 13
  f 10.718 - - - 9 512 742 696 969 1.551 1.871 1.593 1.023 758 465 280 166 38 19 26
Hotels, catering and tourism all 4.088 - - - 9 240 377 321 293 533 802 815 307 169 88 62 45 11 5 11
  m 2.109 - - - 8 65 116 94 138 281 426 456 228 134 73 44 30 7 4 5
  f 1.979 - - - 1 175 261 227 155 252 376 359 79 35 15 18 15 4 1 6
Medicine all 9.906 - - - 2 375 814 917 1.048 1.172 1.482 1.532 936 670 547 222 115 33 20 21
  m 1.346 - - - - 56 157 134 190 140 113 141 87 110 120 57 31 4 2 4
  f 8.560 - - - 2 319 657 783 858 1.032 1.369 1.391 849 560 427 165 84 29 18 17
Dental medicine all 333 - - - - 17 14 5 13 13 13 39 68 20 24 48 35 15 8 1
  m 119 - - - - 4 4 1 4 5 1 9 18 8 13 19 19 8 6 -
  f 214 - - - - 13 10 4 9 8 12 30 50 12 11 29 16 7 2 1
Pharmacy all 140 - - - 1 6 7 4 7 5 12 12 9 23 34 9 6 3 2 -
  m 18 - - - - - 1 - - - - - 1 6 6 2 2 - - -
  f 122 - - - 1 6 6 4 7 5 12 12 8 17 28 7 4 3 2 -
Teacher-training all 26.349 - - - 5 511 1.059 1.520 2.298 2.248 2.007 3.664 3.407 3.122 3.087 1.996 835 219 305 66
  m 4.988 - - - - 9 32 80 167 269 325 720 891 668 813 646 251 59 48 10
  f 21.361 - - - 5 502 1.027 1.440 2.131 1.979 1.682 2.944 2.516 2.454 2.274 1.350 584 160 257 56
Professional teacher-training all 130 - - - - 1 5 3 5 6 11 16 11 18 23 14 9 4 4 -
  m 72 - - - - - 1 - 1 3 4 8 3 12 20 10 7 2 1 -
  f 58 - - - - 1 4 3 4 3 7 8 8 6 3 4 2 2 3 -
Physical education all 992 - - - - 5 46 49 65 90 138 169 156 112 91 40 25 3 2 1
  m 781 - - - - 3 36 42 58 75 110 120 130 81 72 33 17 2 1 1
  f 211 - - - - 2 10 7 7 15 28 49 26 31 19 7 8 1 1 -
Special education for disabled children all 214 - - - - 3 6 4 8 3 12 28 35 46 32 25 7 4 1 -
  m 41 - - - - - 2 - - 1 1 4 10 7 8 4 4 - - -
  f 173 - - - - 3 4 4 8 2 11 24 25 39 24 21 3 4 1 -
Other non-university colleges for teacher-training all 33 - - - - 1 1 8 3 4 5 6 1 1 1 1 - 1 - -
  m 12 - - - - - - 1 1 1 2 4 - 1 1 - - 1 - -
  f 21 - - - - 1 1 7 2 3 3 2 1 - - 1 - - - -
Legal administration all 9.054 - - - 3 185 363 326 519 1.020 1.151 1.264 929 1.114 911 713 409 107 18 22
  m 4.569 - - - - 34 91 84 159 316 446 526 475 762 713 550 310 82 13 8
  f 4.485 - - - 3 151 272 242 360 704 705 738 454 352 198 163 99 25 5 14
Internal affairs and security all 4.874 - - - 50 466 528 521 512 639 537 471 291 318 238 186 85 22 3 7
  m 4.560 - - - 50 402 450 491 480 602 516 445 277 312 235 184 85 22 3 6
  f 314 - - - - 64 78 30 32 37 21 26 14 6 3 2 - - - 1
Military all 1.356 - - - 1 3 19 54 57 59 43 55 60 72 102 208 425 157 41 -
  m 1.342 - - - 1 2 16 53 56 56 42 55 60 70 101 208 425 156 41 -
  f 14 - - - - 1 3 1 1 3 1 - - 2 1 - - 1 - -
Music all 281 - - - - 5 7 6 6 16 51 48 42 47 24 18 4 3 4 -
  m 132 - - - - 2 4 4 2 6 18 21 18 25 11 14 3 2 2 -
  f 149 - - - - 3 3 2 4 10 33 27 24 22 13 4 1 1 2 -
Other art schools all 345 - - - 3 27 34 19 19 20 46 47 27 43 35 15 5 2 2 1
  m 117 - - - - 6 8 7 6 7 16 17 8 12 18 9 2 1 - -
  f 228 - - - 3 21 26 12 13 13 30 30 19 31 17 6 3 1 2 1
Religion all 104 - - - - 2 5 16 10 13 7 13 13 10 4 3 2 3 3 -
  m 55 - - - - 1 3 9 4 2 3 5 8 8 3 1 2 3 3 -
  f 49 - - - - 1 2 7 6 11 4 8 5 2 1 2 - - - -
Other non-university colleges all 1.209 - - - 14 140 156 103 105 80 95 113 86 74 64 56 76 21 8 18
  m 704 - - - 4 59 72 57 58 51 57 69 55 47 41 44 56 17 6 11
  f 505 - - - 10 81 84 46 47 29 38 44 31 27 23 12 20 4 2 7
1st level of faculty or professional study all 41.953 - - - 12 2.299 5.867 5.421 5.565 5.255 4.622 3.988 2.776 2.341 1.770 1.057 584 188 121 87
  m 22.682 - - - 5 808 2.745 2.517 2.723 2.919 2.706 2.328 1.659 1.555 1.275 756 421 148 80 37
  f 19.271 - - - 7 1.491 3.122 2.904 2.842 2.336 1.916 1.660 1.117 786 495 301 163 40 41 50
Mining and geotechnology all 237 - - - - 23 38 36 37 30 22 16 14 9 7 3 2 - - -
  m 203 - - - - 11 33 29 33 29 19 14 14 9 7 3 2 - - -
  f 34 - - - - 12 5 7 4 1 3 2 - - - - - - - -
Geology all 9 - - - - - 2 1 - - 2 1 2 - 1 - - - - -
  m 7 - - - - - 1 1 - - 2 1 2 - - - - - - -
  f 2 - - - - - 1 - - - - - - - 1 - - - - -
Metallurgy all 63 - - - - - 1 1 6 4 13 13 3 6 11 4 1 - - -
  m 49 - - - - - 1 1 4 4 6 10 3 5 11 3 1 - - -
  f 14 - - - - - - - 2 - 7 3 - 1 - 1 - - - -
Mechanics all 3.588 - - - - 43 364 532 454 440 448 347 260 251 235 131 45 18 10 10
  m 3.377 - - - - 41 325 455 400 426 438 341 259 249 234 128 45 18 10 8
  f 211 - - - - 2 39 77 54 14 10 6 1 2 1 3 - - - 2
Shipbuilding all 169 - - - - 2 26 24 17 15 15 19 19 16 5 7 3 1 - -
  m 151 - - - - 2 19 19 13 15 14 19 19 15 5 7 3 1 - -
  f 18 - - - - - 7 5 4 - 1 - - 1 - - - - - -
Electrotechnics all 1.607 - - - 1 74 288 243 225 241 168 149 81 55 46 17 11 3 1 4
  m 1.506 - - - 1 70 265 212 214 224 158 147 80 55 46 16 10 3 1 4
  f 101 - - - - 4 23 31 11 17 10 2 1 - - 1 1 - - -
Textile technology all 1.039 - - - - 77 248 201 175 101 83 67 34 28 18 3 3 - - 1
  m 286 - - - - 13 39 23 42 35 29 36 24 24 16 3 2 - - -
  f 753 - - - - 64 209 178 133 66 54 31 10 4 2 - 1 - - 1
Chemical technology all 624 - - - - 9 36 69 86 55 55 89 87 51 37 20 16 7 4 3
  m 318 - - - - 2 8 18 35 28 35 49 48 35 31 8 10 5 3 3
  f 306 - - - - 7 28 51 51 27 20 40 39 16 6 12 6 2 1 -
Food processing technology all 528 - - - - 5 83 118 118 50 51 29 27 27 13 5 1 - - 1
  m 199 - - - - - 16 26 37 21 21 15 20 26 11 5 1 - - -
  f 329 - - - - 5 67 92 81 29 30 14 7 1 2 - - - - 1
Graphics all 198 - - - 1 13 64 33 18 18 14 12 16 3 3 2 - - 1 -
  m 129 - - - 1 5 40 18 11 11 10 10 16 2 3 1 - - 1 -
  f 69 - - - - 8 24 15 7 7 4 2 - 1 - 1 - - - -
Construction all 1.664 - - - - 51 231 201 316 263 169 144 79 71 70 33 22 6 3 5
  m 1.276 - - - - 41 165 131 221 195 138 115 70 68 67 32 22 6 3 2
  f 388 - - - - 10 66 70 95 68 31 29 9 3 3 1 - - - 3
Architecture all 767 - - - - 4 68 68 111 109 39 50 72 72 83 53 26 5 6 1
  m 385 - - - - 1 24 24 46 59 19 23 31 46 56 33 17 3 3 -
  f 382 - - - - 3 44 44 65 50 20 27 41 26 27 20 9 2 3 1
Geodesy all 364 - - - - 11 70 57 68 36 31 15 12 20 24 11 9 - - -
  m 265 - - - - 6 41 30 52 29 26 11 12 15 24 11 8 - - -
  f 99 - - - - 5 29 27 16 7 5 4 - 5 - - 1 - - -
Transport all 5.111 - - - - 366 1.026 837 676 707 604 395 177 134 86 49 33 11 3 7
  m 4.354 - - - - 274 857 635 568 636 552 368 158 124 81 49 32 10 3 7
  f 757 - - - - 92 169 202 108 71 52 27 19 10 5 - 1 1 - -
Other technical faculties all 31 - - - - 1 2 3 6 2 3 1 4 3 2 1 2 - - 1
  m 27 - - - - 1 2 1 5 2 3 1 3 3 2 1 2 - - 1
  f 4 - - - - - - 2 1 - - - 1 - - - - - - -
Agriculture all 1.325 - - - 1 41 144 177 278 156 115 145 87 67 39 44 17 8 5 1
  m 939 - - - 1 19 84 115 187 113 85 122 73 52 33 32 10 8 4 1
  f 386 - - - - 22 60 62 91 43 30 23 14 15 6 12 7 - 1 -
Forestry all 617 - - - - 2 46 81 125 86 42 55 35 68 45 20 3 5 4 -
  m 486 - - - - 2 32 52 81 71 34 45 35 63 44 16 3 4 4 -
  f 131 - - - - - 14 29 44 15 8 10 - 5 1 4 - 1 - -
Veterinary all 17 - - - - - 2 2 4 2 2 1 1 - 2 - - 1 - -
  m 11 - - - - - 2 1 3 - 2 - 1 - 1 - - 1 - -
  f 6 - - - - - - 1 1 2 - 1 - - 1 - - - - -
Economics all 7.115 - - - 5 426 1.054 805 666 1.120 1.051 662 446 383 228 147 71 27 7 17
  m 3.155 - - - 1 131 356 295 275 464 476 352 233 238 158 100 49 20 3 4
  f 3.960 - - - 4 295 698 510 391 656 575 310 213 145 70 47 22 7 4 13
Hotel, catering and tourism all 678 - - - - 86 132 91 77 91 84 58 18 20 9 7 2 1 - 2
  m 259 - - - - 22 30 20 31 46 36 29 12 17 8 5 1 1 - 1
  f 419 - - - - 64 102 71 46 45 48 29 6 3 1 2 1 - - 1
Organisation and informatics all 1.630 - - - - 69 228 171 121 180 250 188 152 134 88 42 6 - - 1
  m 1.004 - - - - 41 117 78 54 87 151 128 109 108 83 41 6 - - 1
  f 626 - - - - 28 111 93 67 93 99 60 43 26 5 1 - - - -
Medicine all 1.215 - - - 1 148 192 173 139 131 142 130 60 39 33 12 10 1 2 2
  m 277 - - - - 31 40 29 45 33 18 23 19 12 13 5 6 1 2 -
  f 938 - - - 1 117 152 144 94 98 124 107 41 27 20 7 4 - - 2
Dental medicine all 80 - - - - 10 9 7 3 4 7 9 10 8 5 7 - 1 - -
  m 24 - - - - 3 3 1 - - 1 4 3 3 2 4 - - - -
  f 56 - - - - 7 6 6 3 4 6 5 7 5 3 3 - 1 - -
Pharmacy all 52 - - - - 1 5 2 6 3 6 6 5 1 9 5 - - 1 2
  m 12 - - - - - 1 - 2 - 1 1 2 - 3 1 - - 1 -
  f 40 - - - - 1 4 2 4 3 5 5 3 1 6 4 - - - 2
Philosophy and philology all 878 - - - 1 32 68 73 78 80 88 131 93 86 61 43 32 5 4 3
  m 198 - - - - 3 13 6 17 14 18 35 22 26 17 19 6 2 - -
  f 680 - - - 1 29 55 67 61 66 70 96 71 60 44 24 26 3 4 3
Life sciences and mathematics all 669 - - - - 12 43 44 39 34 61 112 109 67 71 45 23 6 2 1
  m 259 - - - - 7 22 27 14 12 19 36 43 22 30 18 7 2 - -
  f 410 - - - - 5 21 17 25 22 42 76 66 45 41 27 16 4 2 1
Pedagogy all 6.477 - - - 2 437 790 857 1.165 765 493 563 473 402 286 133 65 12 22 12
  m 785 - - - 1 4 20 27 61 78 83 115 119 105 92 47 22 5 5 1
  f 5.692 - - - 1 433 770 830 1.104 687 410 448 354 297 194 86 43 7 17 11
Industrial pedagogy all 166 - - - - 1 - 2 4 12 23 30 15 22 36 14 4 2 1 -
  m 129 - - - - - - - 2 6 15 20 13 19 35 14 3 1 1 -
  f 37 - - - - 1 - 2 2 6 8 10 2 3 1 - 1 1 - -
Physical education all 599 - - - - 8 39 83 84 90 76 71 72 46 17 6 5 - 2 -
  m 516 - - - - 6 36 66 74 87 70 57 58 39 16 4 2 - 1 -
  f 83 - - - - 2 3 17 10 3 6 14 14 7 1 2 3 - 1 -
Special education for disabled children all 74 - - - - - 3 4 11 3 4 5 21 4 9 7 1 - 1 1
  m 11 - - - - - - 1 1 - 2 - 3 2 - 2 - - - -
  f 63 - - - - - 3 3 10 3 2 5 18 2 9 5 1 - 1 1
Law all 2.365 - - - - 288 405 236 247 279 229 210 110 124 79 76 48 19 8 7
  m 928 - - - - 52 93 72 71 100 108 92 60 97 60 59 40 15 7 2
  f 1.437 - - - - 236 312 164 176 179 121 118 50 27 19 17 8 4 1 5
Political sciences all 72 - - - - 6 4 4 13 12 4 4 5 5 3 5 4 - 2 1
  m 54 - - - - 2 2 3 7 12 4 2 3 4 3 5 4 - 2 1
  f 18 - - - - 4 2 1 6 - - 2 2 1 - - - - - -
Industrial safety all 306 - - - - 10 20 41 52 45 45 30 20 13 16 11 3 - - -
  m 281 - - - - 5 17 36 51 40 43 27 20 13 16 11 2 - - -
  f 25 - - - - 5 3 5 1 5 2 3 - - - - 1 - - -
Music academies and faculties all 114 - - - - 2 3 1 3 6 23 24 16 13 10 7 2 3 1 -
  m 44 - - - - - 1 - - 2 5 9 10 5 6 3 1 2 - -
  f 70 - - - - 2 2 1 3 4 18 15 6 8 4 4 1 1 1 -
Other art academies and faculties all 486 - - - - 16 48 32 31 22 57 83 73 41 38 20 10 9 3 3
  m 159 - - - - 3 6 4 9 9 24 25 25 13 21 9 3 6 1 1
  f 327 - - - - 13 42 28 22 13 33 58 48 28 17 11 7 3 2 2
Religion all 701 - - - - 20 74 89 73 50 88 105 51 33 28 26 22 18 23 1
  m 315 - - - - 8 26 39 26 18 27 28 21 22 23 21 19 16 21 -
  f 386 - - - - 12 48 50 47 32 61 77 30 11 5 5 3 2 2 1
Other faculties all 318 - - - - 5 11 22 33 13 15 19 17 19 17 41 82 19 5 -
  m 304 - - - - 2 8 22 31 13 14 18 16 19 17 40 82 18 4 -
  f 14 - - - - 3 3 - 2 - 1 1 1 - - 1 - 1 1 -