GODINA/ YEAR: L. ZAGREB,
27. RUJNA 2013./ 27 SEPTEMBER, 2013 BROJ/
NUMBER: 6.1.5.
POREZI I NAKNADE ZA
OKOLIŠ, 2004. – 2011.
ENVIRONMENTAL TAXES AND CHARGES, 2004
– 2011
U
procesu prilagodbe statistici Europske unije u sklopu Višekorisničkog
programa PHARE 2006. Državni zavod za statistiku je prvi put proveo
istraživanje o ekološkim porezima i naknadama.
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In the
process of harmonisation with the European Union and within the 2006
Multi-beneficiary PHARE Programme, the Croatian Bureau of Statistics has
for the first time carried out the survey on environmental taxes and
charges.
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U ovom
priopćenju prikazana je serija podataka za četiri glavne kategorije
poreznih prihoda i naknada za okoliš za Republiku Hrvatsku od 2004. do
2011.
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This
release presents a data series for four main categories of environmental
taxes and charges for the Republic of Croatia in the period from 2004 to
2011.
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1. POREZNI PRIHODI ZA OKOLIŠ I NAKNADE ZA
OKOLIŠ PREMA KATEGORIJAMA
ENVIRONMENTAL TAX REVENUES AND
ENVIRONMENTAL CHARGES, BY CATEGORIES
kune/ Kuna
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Porezni
prihodi i naknade za okoliš prema kategorijama za
Environmental tax revenues and environmental charges, by categories, for
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energente
Energy
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transport
Transport
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onečišćavanje
Pollution
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prirodne
resurse
Resources
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2004.
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Porezni
prihodi za okoliš
Environmental tax revenues
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3
323 408 546
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2
232 743 807
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1
341 351 715
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44
557 460
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Naknade za
okoliš
Environmental charges
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113
914
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9
658 179
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993
845 755
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1
207 909 910
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2005.
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Porezni
prihodi za okoliš
Environmental tax revenues
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3
331 955 997
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2
455 704 813
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1
392 405 307
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44
603 511
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Naknade za
okoliš
Environmental charges
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188
402
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7
282 217
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1
410 681 291
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1
307 914 628
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2006.
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Porezni
prihodi za okoliš
Environmental tax revenues
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3
449 275 405
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2
724 407 748
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1
512 197 663
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50
253 645
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Naknade za
okoliš
Environmental charges
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127
117
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2
908 922 900
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2
233 986 556
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1
485 818 519
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2007.
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Porezni
prihodi za okoliš
Environmental tax revenues
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3
389 532 153
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2
999 115 651
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1
801 332 035
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42
486 983
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Naknade za
okoliš
Environmental charges
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538
951
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4
573 734 632
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3
416 511 561
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1
781 051 066
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2008.
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Porezni
prihodi za okoliš
Environmental tax revenues
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3
109 152 134
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3
091 278 698
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2
087 578 244
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41
320 391
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Naknade za
okoliš
Environmental charges
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768
646
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2
951 799 562
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3
693 899 367
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1
884 404 850
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2009.
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Porezni
prihodi za okoliš
Environmental tax revenues
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3
426 502 133
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2
300 742 775
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1
924 186 650
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45
730 576
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Naknade za
okoliš
Environmental charges
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990
646
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2
822 283 571
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2
921 976 947
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1
826 415 453
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2010.
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Porezni
prihodi za okoliš
Environmental tax revenues
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6
476 713 917
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2
250 229 155
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2
035 215 887
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50
871 966
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Naknade za
okoliš
Environmental charges
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844
872
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758
829 947
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2
471 126 504
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1
867 351 007
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2011.
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Porezni
prihodi za okoliš
Environmental tax revenues
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6
034 251 839
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2
274 709 227
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2
078 776 757
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50
445 420
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Naknade za
okoliš
Environmental charges
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1
399 118
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25
336 289
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2
266 928 450
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1
810 827 031
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METODOLOŠKA OBJAŠNJENJA
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NOTES ON METHODOLOGY
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Izvor i
metode prikupljanja podataka
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Source
and methods of data collection
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Ovo
priopćenje sastavlja se na temelju Izvještaja o vlastitim prihodima i
primicima državnog, županijskih i gradskih/ općinskih proračuna (P-1) i
Izvještaja o uplati i rasporedu zajedničkih prihoda proračuna, određenih
ustanova i trgovačkih društava u vlasništvu Republike Hrvatske te prihoda
za druge javne potrebe (P-2) Fine, i podataka Fonda za zaštitu okoliša i
energetsku učinkovitost.
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This
release is prepared on the basis of the Fina’s Report on Own Income and
Revenues in the Government, County and Town/Municipal Budgets (P-1 form)
and the Report on Payments and Arrangement of Joint Budget Incomes,
Particular Institutions and Trade Companies Owned by the Republic of
Croatia and Incomes for Other Public Needs (P-2 form) as well as on data of
the Environment Protection and Energy Efficiency Fund.
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Definicije
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Definitions
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Ekološki
porezi jesu
porezi
čija je porezna osnovica fizička jedinica (ili njezina zamjena) nečega što
ima dokazan, specifičan negativan učinak na okoliš.
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Environmental
tax is a tax with a physical unit (or its proxy of it)
as a base of something that has a proven, specific negative impact on the
environment.
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Ekološke
naknade
isto su što i pristojbe.
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Environmental
charges means the same as
fees.
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Porezni
prihod
jest prihod prikupljen od poreza.
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Tax
revenue means the revenue collected on the tax.
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Pristojbe OECD
definira pristojbe kao obvezatna, neuzvraćena plaćanja općoj državi ili
tijelima izvan opće države, kao što su npr. fondovi za zaštitu okoliša ili
vodoprivreda. Pristojbe se smatraju plaćanjem za usluge.
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Charges, as
the OECD defines them, mean compulsory, requited payments to either general
government or to bodies outside general government, such as for instance an
environmental fund or a water management board. Charges are seen as
payments for services.
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Porezi
na energente skupina je koja uključuje poreze na energetske
proizvode koji se koriste za transport i za stacionarne svrhe. Najvažniji
energetski proizvodi za transport jesu benzin i dizel. Energetski proizvodi
za stacionarnu uporabu uključuju loživa ulja, prirodni plin, ugljen i
električnu energiju. Porezi na CO2 uključeni su u poreze na
energente, a ne u poreze na zagađivanje. Za to postoji nekoliko razloga.
Prije svega, često nije moguće identificirati poreze na CO2
odvojeno u statistici poreza zato što su integrirani s porezima na
energente, npr. preko diferencijacije poreznih stopa za mineralna ulja.
Osim toga, djelomično su uvedeni kao zamjena za druge poreze na energente,
a prihod od tih poreza često je velik u usporedbi s prihodima od poreza na
zagađivanje. To znači da bi uključivanje poreza na CO2 u poreze
na zagađivanje umjesto u poreze na energente iskrivilo međunarodne
usporedbe. Ako se mogu identificirati, porezi na CO2 trebali bi
biti prijavljeni kao posebna kategorija uz porez na energente. Kod poreza
na CO2 može postojati isti problem kao i kod poreza na CO2.
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Energy
taxes include taxes on energy products used for both
transport and stationary purposes. The most important energy products for
transport purposes are petrol and diesel. Energy products for stationary
use include fuel oils, natural gas, coal and electricity. The CO2 taxes
included under energy taxes rather than under pollution taxes. There are
several reasons for this. First of all, it is often not possible to
identify CO2 axes separately in tax statistics, because they are
integrated with energy taxes, e.g. via differentiation of mineral oil tax
rates. In addition, they are partly introduced as a substitute for other
energy taxes and the revenue from these taxes is often large compared to
the revenue from the pollution taxes. This means that including CO2
taxes with pollution taxes rather than energy taxes would distort
international comparisons. If they are identifiable, CO2 taxes
should be reported as a separate category next to energy taxes. CO2
taxes may be subject to the same problem as CO2 taxes.
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Porezi
na transport skupina je koja uključuje poreze povezane s
vlasništvom nad motornim vozilima i njihovom uporabom. Porezi na drugu
prijevoznu opremu (npr. avione) i povezane prijevozne usluge (npr. porez na
čarter-letove ili redovite letove) također su ovdje uključeni, kada
odgovaraju općoj definiciji ekoloških poreza. Porezi na transport također
mogu biti "jednokratni" porezi povezani s uvozom ili prodajom
opreme ili stalni porezi kao što je godišnji porez za ceste. Porezi na
benzin, dizel i druga goriva za transport uključeni su u poreze na
energente.
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Transport
taxes include taxes related to the ownership and use of
motor vehicles. Tax on other transport equipment (e.g. planes), and related
transport services (e.g. duty on charter or scheduled flights) are also
included here, when they conform to the general definition of environmental
taxes. The transport taxes may be ”one-off” taxes related to imports or
sales of the equipment or recurrent taxes such as an annual road tax. Taxes
on petrol, diesel and other transport fuels are included under energy
taxes.
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Porezi
na onečišćavanje skupina je koja uključuje poreze na
izmjerena ili procijenjena ispuštanja u zrak i vodu, gospodarenje krutim
otpadom i buku. Iznimka su porezi na CO2, koji su uključeni pod
poreze na energente kako je prethodno navedeno.
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Pollution
taxes include taxes on measured or estimated emission to
air and water, management of solid waste and noise. An exception is the CO2
taxes, which are included under energy taxes as discussed above.
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Porezi
na prirodne resurse predstavljaju određene probleme. Postoje
razlike u mišljenjima oko pitanja je li vađenje prirodnih resursa štetno za
okoliš samo po sebi, premda se mnogi slažu u tome da može dovesti do
ekoloških problema, kao što su onečišćenje i erozija tla.
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Taxes
on resources pose some particular problems. There are
differences in opinion on whether resource extraction is environmentally
harmful in itself, although there is a broad agreement that it can lead to
environmental problems, such as pollution and soil erosion.
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Kratice
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Abbreviations
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CO2
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ugljikov
dioksid
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FINA
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Financial
Agency
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Fina
npr.
OECD
SO2
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Financijska
agencija
na
primjer
Organizacija
za ekonomsku suradnju i razvoj
sumporov
dioksid
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OECD
CO2
SO2
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Organization for
Economic Cooperation and Development
carbon dioxide
sulphur
dioxide
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Ovaj
dokument proizveden je uz financijsku pomoć Europske unije. Za sadržaj
dokumenta odgovoran je isključivo Državni zavod za statistiku te se ni pod kojim
uvjetima ne smije smatrati da izražava stav Europske unije.
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This document has been produced with the financial
assistance of the European Union. The contents of this document are the
sole responsibility of the Croatian Bureau of Statistics and can under no
circumstances be regarded as reflecting the position of the European Union.
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Izdaje i
tiska Državni zavod za statistiku Republike Hrvatske, Zagreb, Ilica 3, p. p.
80.
Published and printed by the Croatian Bureau of Statistics, Zagreb,
Ilica 3, P. O. B. 80
Telefon/ Phone:
+385 (0) 1 4806-111, telefaks/ Fax: +385 (0) 1 4817-666
Odgovara
ravnatelj Marko Krištof.
Person responsible: Marko Krištof, Director
General
Priredila:
Vesna Koletić
Prepared
by: Vesna Koletić
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MOLIMO KORISNIKE DA
PRI KORIŠTENJU PODATAKA NAVEDU IZVOR.
USERS
ARE KINDLY REQUESTED TO STATE THE SOURCE.
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Naklada:
20 primjeraka
20 copies
printed
Podaci iz
ovog priopćenja objavljuju se i na internetu.
First Release data are also published on the
Internet.
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